Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Steps to Developing a Love of Reading in Children Essay

Developing the reading habit in children Books are a veritable treasure. They can truly be one’s best friends for life and one need never be lonely in the company of books. Reading is such a fascinating habit that the deeper you delve into it, the more you are drawn to it. Not only do books provide entertainment and knowledge, but they also sharpen the intellect, stimulate imagination and enhance vocabulary. Once a reader, always a reader and voracious readers always stand apart and distinguish themselves from the others in all walks of life. Interestingly, the reading habit is best imbibed in early childhood. It is not a skill that can be acquired later when the pressures of academics gradually become too time-consuming. Rather it†¦show more content†¦Experts suggest that one can start with toddlers as young as two and three on colorful picture books. It is important to convey that books are meant to be looked at and enjoyed and not torn apart. This can be done by sitting with the child regularly and pointing to the pictures and pronouncing the words aloud. 2) Be regular and persistent. Inculcating the reading habit is a continuous process and therefore the same books can be brought on time and again till the child is familiar with the content and can recite the content from memory. This arouses the child’s interest and he/she starts to browse the books for pleasure. This would indeed be the very first milestone in this marvelous journey of reading. 3) Make sure to let the child watch you read. Learning by example is the best way to cultivate a habit. If the child sees your interest in books, it will spark off his/her curiosity and would naturally try and emulate the parents. 4) Do keep plenty of interesting, age appropriate reading material at easy access of the child. This would be the best way to stimulate the child’s interest and encourage him/her to sit in one place for a while with a book of his choice. This also helps improve and develop concentration skills. 5) Encourage the child to develop his own likes and tastes. No two children are alike and neither will their tastes be the same. It is important not to expect their choice in reading to be identical to ours. So while it isShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech - Original Writing924 Words   |  4 Pageswhen I could, but time in the classroom was limited due to the job. He was going into second grade and I instantly liked his teacher when I met her. I told her I would love to volunteer in her classroom whenever she wanted me and within a few weeks I became a regular in the class. I helped the second graders with their math, reading, writing, and social skills. I found that being in the classroom with those kids was something I enjoyed tremendously. That teacher must have seen a spark in me as wellRead MoreEssay about Developmental Assessment1310 Words   |  6 Pages The child I chose to write about for this assignment is two year old Danjuma from Wayne, Ohio. He is the youngest of three children and attends an Early Head Start Program two days a week. The child’s parents have jobs; when the mother is working her sister takes care of Danjuma. The family has financial problems but don’t qualify for any type of public assistance. Danjuma is twenty-four inches tall and twenty-eight pounds. He walks well and has good coordination; he can be seen runningRead MoreThe Promotion Of Oral Language1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe last forty years have brought sweeping changes in literacy education with constant new information available on how children learn language and become literate (Fountas Pinnell, 1996). But the grounding for all progression, as asserted by Browne (2001) is that ‘learning to read and write are founded upon children’s oral language†¦pupils learning depends on growing competence in language modes (read and write) which grow out of their ability to speak and listen’. This is also advocated by FrickeRead MoreMy Own Classroom Is Important For Developing Listening And Receptive Language979 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most enjoyable parts of learning. If I do decide to go back into a classroom, I would love to return to a preschool setting. When these children are learning lan guage skills, there are so many different ways tat they pick them up. I am a huge believer in learning through play, and at this age especially. Games like Simon Says are great for developing listening and receptive language. Preschool children are preparing for kindergarten and elementary school, a time when carefully listening and followingRead MoreI Loved Learning About Locke And His Philosophy747 Words   |  3 Pagesself-indulgent† (Crane pg 9). The third point is Small Steps, we need to help them get over their fears. Locke wanted to have children grow up to be brave and that can’t happen if we don’t help them overcome their fears. We can’t rush them into anything though, we need to take small steps and just work with them. The fourth point was Rules, which had two rules that we should follow. The first rule is to be a good role model because children learn from example. The second rule is instead of issuingRead MoreThe Psychosexual Stages Of Childh ood Development1108 Words   |  5 PagesHarry Harlow’s attachment theory centers on the relationship between people such as a parent-child bond, in particular the effect of love. In early concepts to understand love the idea that the link between a mother and a child is a just for survival was widely accepted. In one experiment, The Wired Mother, Harlow contradicted this with an emphasize on the importance of love by giving a monkey two separate mothers, (one provided food while the other provided comfort.). In this experiment, the monkey oftenRead MorePsy 230 Week 8 Ass. Erikson Timeline987 Words   |  4 Pagesworld combined. After all of the reading I would say that I resign in the six stage of Erikson’s timeline Intimacy vs. Isolation (which he consider young adulthood). I think I’m currently in the stage of young adulthood, because I’m 27 years old and have accomplished the psychosocial issues listed in Erikson fifth stage of life Identity vs. role confusion (Adolescence). Some of the main factors I have accomplished in the fifth stage includes developing my sense of self, beliefs, independenceRead MoreThinking About Your Thinking?911 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition from the lecture video. That is something I will most likely not forget again, so thank you! Metacognition I is a skill that teachers should help children develop more often. It doesn’t take much effort either in my opinion. Allowing children to further develop their metacognition skills will actually help the teacher in the long run. Reading this chapter made me realize that teachers do actually do a lot in the classroom that aids metacognition. Resources like visual organizing tools and summariesRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay958 Words   |   4 Pageseducational philosophy. I believe every child has a right to an education that is not only meaningful, but also challenging. Children come to school from a variety of different cultural and family backgrounds. Certain values and expectations are already implanted in their minds as soon as they walk through the classroom door. Children begin to be shaped by their environments from the time of birth and continue to be shaped as they progress through school. That is why it is soRead MoreThe Little Piggy And Old Macdonald Had A Farm1266 Words   |  6 Pagesand Avery, in the Infant Classroom at Ithaca Community Care at Kendal. During the reading, I brought two stories that I believed would spark interest within the children. The books that I chose were, â€Å"This Little Piggy† and â€Å"Old MacDonald had a Farm† both were published by Little Learners. There is not an actual author, just a publisher. The reason I chose these stories were because they are well known to children and could be either read to or sung to. Also, the stories have puppets already built

Monday, December 16, 2019

Ebay Paypal Free Essays

With more than 94 million active users globally, eBay is the world’s largest online marketplace, where practically anyone can buy and sell practically anything. Founded in 1995, eBay connects a diverse and passionate community of individual buyers and sellers, as well as small businesses. Their collective impact on e-commerce is staggering: In 2010, the total worth of goods sold on eBay was $62 billion — more than $2,000 every second. We will write a custom essay sample on Ebay Paypal or any similar topic only for you Order Now For the latest stories about eBay, including recent financial performance, With more than 94 million active registered accounts worldwide, PayPal has made it possible for individuals and businesses to pay and get paid online across different locations, currencies and languages. Responding to the eBay community, which had quickly adopted PayPal as its preferred payment method, eBay Inc. acquired the company in 2002. Since then, PayPal’s customer base has grown, both on eBay and across e-commerce. Having built a single global payments engine that has some of the best risk and fraud detection capabilities in the payments industry, PayPal continues to be one of the leading ways to pay online. Today, PayPal is available in 190 markets, 24 currencies, and is accepted by millions of online merchants around the world. With more than 94 million active users globally, eBay is the world’s largest online marketplace, where practically anyone can buy and sell practically anything. Founded in 1995, eBay connects a diverse and passionate community of individual buyers and sellers, as well as small businesses. Their collective impact on e-commerce is staggering: In 2010, the total worth of goods sold on eBay was $62 billion — more than $2,000 every second. For the latest stories about eBay, including recent financial performance, How to cite Ebay Paypal, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Personal Cultural Systems Plural Society -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Personal Cultural Systems Plural Society? Answer: Introduction Changes in the Bilingual education have important influence on education around the world. This report provides some of the major research related to purpose and effectiveness of the bilingual education. Bilingual education includes the active practices of learning based on two languages used by the educational institutions of countries in the society where various languages exist. It may be the situation where two different languages exist. On the other hand, it may be the situation that rather than the state language, other languages are present. In present time, bilingual programs is used in the colleges, schools and universities where they are paying attention on the study of the foreign language and international cultures. Along with this, bilingual programs are meant to enhance student interaction in intercultural environment. Now, bilingual education can be found in the pre-school institutions. There is vast contribution to the bilingual education system at an early stage. For instance, popular and famous project LIGHT is actively supported by many countries i.e. France, Germany, Finland and Austria. It is perceived that bilingual education in the early stage is most effective for children as children are more open to the new and they do not have any kind of obstruction and typecast. For instance, there is one of the Australian school focusing on the bilingual education i.e. Huntingdale Primary school. In this education system, school is providing different curriculum to develop bilingual skills in the students (Pray Jimenez, 2009). Aim and scope The main objective of this report is to build and analyse issue of bilingual in education system across Australia and find out the most possible solution to deal with this issue. It synthesizes and summarizes the appropriate empirical work on bilingual education in schools at early stages. This report evaluates the quality of these studies and focuses on the improvement if bilingual education system in the schools. The driving force for this research is to create the understandings of how immersion childhood education contributes is beneficial in bilingualism and early school improvements for success. For the research, recent relevant studies on the bilingual and immerse early childhood programs would be focused. Literature review The term bilingualism is quite difficult and controversial to define. According to Baker (1993), bilingualism is a kind of child who is able to speak two languages smoothly. Some other researchers argued that bilingualism starts immediately the student is able to produce complete and meaningful speech in other languages. Further, bilingualism begins when someone starts to understand other languages without any barriers. In bilingualism, there is one more term i.e. infant or child bilingualism. According to the Saunders (1988), infant bilingual can be described as the immediate acquirement of two languages from birth. Child bilingualism is successive fluency in two languages i.e. child learns first language within the family and then learns second language in preschool or early school years. Those children who are bilingual before four years of age have more chances of using the two languages fluently. Along with this, they have awareness of language; they have high level of level of adeptness at divergent thinking, creative thinking and concept formation. There should be bilingual education system in the Australian schools as in the country, majority of the Australian born households are not bilingual and immigrant households. So, for the development of children, there must be bilingual education system in the schools (Lin Garca, 2016). Infant or Child bilingualism Child bilingual is one who has successive fluency in two languages. Those types of children acquire first language within the family and then learn second language in the school years. If a child has not get exposure of another language from birth or within the family, then he or she will not be classified as an infant bilingual as he or she is not learning those two languages by birth. In the Australia, there is the multicultural society and bilingual education is actively debated in the society. Bilingual education must be provided at childhood to enhance adoption. Park (2007) argued that foreign women who are working in the country must adopt language in which they can raise their children comfortably. According to her, proficiency in the mother tongue is helpful in the development of children in terms of learning skills. The world is changing at the continuous level and there is the need of highly developed skills for the students for becoming successful global citizen. There are various situations those are essential for the students to become successful. In the schools of Australia, teachers are teaching different ways of learning and thinking to the students. Those skills can be transferred in the daily life and everyday situations for lifelong learning. It is crucial to understand the role of bilingual education in the Australian society (Skerrett Gunn, 2011). Role of bilingualism in Australia At all the levels of education system i.e. advisors, educators, teachers, ministry, school management, boards of trustees, and classroom teachers, there must be an effective message of maximizing bilingual education for the children or infants who speak only one language. The use of various languages affects bilingual education and education result for bilingual people. It is considered by the researchers that combination of languages improves the skill base of a person. Bilingual education entails the practice of teaching children in their native language and secondary language concurrently. There are many forms of bilingual education basically and the implementation of the program in the education system is very effective (Umansky Reardon, 2015). Bilingual education has crucial role to provide the opportunities to the children to progress in their subjects including science, mathematics, and social studies in their native language. Along with this, they learn second language in th e separate classrooms. The objective of bilingual education is to make the student fluent in two different languages. Bilingual education system plays a very vital role in the world as common language is crucial for good communication and understanding. Due to the multicultural societies and existence of various languages in these societies, bilingual education has great importance. The role of bilingual education will establish harmony and stillness among the people in the society (Mongeau, 2016). In Australia, many schools have bilingual programs for children and students who are speaking community languages other than English. These programs are conducted from the support of the government. There is bilingual education for native students. For instance, in the Northern region, bilingual programs for the native students were started in the early 1970s. Furthermore, the government of Northern region announced to start 21 bilingual programs to teach English as the second language in 1998. Along with this, bilingual programs were continuing under the pretext of two-way education. After that, in 2005, The Minister of Education, Employment and Training announced for renewal bilingual education at 15 community education centres. The aim of renewal was to provide effective education from pre-school to every region. Bilingual education at home Using two languages in households is not an easy job. It needs lots of discipline and patience from the parents. In Australia, there are around 5 million people who uses other languages rather than English at home. The most possible languages spoken by people include Italian (2%), Mandarin (2%), Greek (1%), Vietnams (1%) and Cantonese (1%) and Arabic (1%). If someone grew up in France in a bilingual family in which father is French-speaking and mother is English-speaking, then there is the need to speak in their respective languages by the parents as their children wants to benefit in each culture and communicate with others in the society (Department of Immigration and Border Protection, 2012). By using both the languages, child will get fluency in English as well as France language and will become bilingual. Raising a child with two languages needs continuous and sustained efforts by the parents. But there are some families that may not follow bilingual system in the households. So me might have geographical rules within the house. Therefore, it is important to enhance the bilingual education system in schools so that children can learn one language in home and another language in schools (Skutnabb-Kangas McCarty, 2008). Bilingual education at school- The child can easily learn new language starting from birth to approximately e years old. From 2 to 3 years old, children know that language they can express and expose themselves by tongue and most of the languages are introduced in the schools. In the bilingual programs, language is considered to be integrated into curriculum. In the schools, teachers teach something by the language. Being bilingual basically means speaking two languages without necessarily learning them. There are some models in the bilingual education to teach second languages to the students (Disbray, 2017). Benefits of bilingual education Bilingual education has many advantages for the society. The attitude to the bilingual education should be treated delicately, professionally and carefully. There are many benefits of the bilingual education in schools for those who are not bilingual and immigrant households. Bilingual education allows the students to adjust in the multilingual world and different cultures. In the bilingual education, training provides the opportunity to the students to learn one of the languages of world without leaving the touch with the traditional language group. For instance, if any student is going to study in abroad, bilingual training will be very helpful for him to adjust in the new environment. Further, bilingual education is helpful in improving the area of teaching, thinking and art of analysis. Along with this, bilingual education is helpful for the person to deal with the language misunderstanding barriers and making the student adaptable of other languages, expanding vocabulary and dev eloping the culture of speech (Johnson Johnson, 2015). Learning various languages contributes in developing memory, communication skills and making the student more tolerant, flexible, and relaxed to deal with the difficulties of the complex world. Australia is highly multicultural nation. According to data gathered by The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 28% of Australian people were born overseas so the young Australians are losing their interest in learning the foreign languages (Bonfiglio, 2016). Bilingual education is helpful in providing an excellent basis of learning for children. It basically has benefits for numeracy and literacy development in the language along with improving the experience and understanding of the children in the world. Bilingual education should be available in all the schools in Australia. Bilingualism is effective in many ways that is described in figure. Challenges in Bilingual education Although Bilingual education has various benefits for the young learners and children as it includes more creative thought process and mental flexibility. Numbers of students are taking language education in Australia but it is quite low. Australia is linguistically diverse nation having more than 250 languages spoken in the Australian homes. But there are some challenges in providing Bilingual education to the students. By addressing those problems and challenges, schools would be able to improve bilingual education in the course structured. Lack of bilingual teacher training It is the common practice to assign the teachers for the bilingual educations in the schools. For this manner, there is the need of little preparation for using bilingual methodologies and methods. But it is observed that there is the lack of training among the bilingual teachers. American Institute of Research conducted the evaluation of bilingual education and revealed that there are about one-half teachers who had not received the bilingual training proper over a five-year span. Although there are some improvements on training of the bilingual education, still there is the critical need of bilingual training to the teachers at some points (Li, 2006). Lack of managerial support There is the continuous absence of administrative support which can be measured by the resource allocation in the bilingual education for the various programs. Since last few years, Texas state initiated allocation of finance provided to the schools to enhance adoption of bilingual education. But the state law is not focusing on increasing the fund support for bilingual and ESL programs. It is therefore important for legislators to make laws that provide for financial assistance to bilingual support of programs. There is the need of hardship and bilingual funds to spend on the educational programs for the language minority students. Failure to use language The concept of bilingual education system is rooted on using native language for the permanent growth along with other second language for the students. But, due to the lack of large number of the trained teachers, bilingual education is not much effective in schools. The school should focus on education al leadership having fluency on the two different languages. Teachers with different language are very crucial in the schools for the bilingual education. Sometimes, teachers are not able to develop the extensive fluency which is necessary to be present in the academic work. Along with this, sometimes State Level agency use culturally-biased test for the entry of teachers into the teachers preparation programs for bilingual education. As the result, poor performance can be seen (Kim, 2015). Further, there is one weaker pint in the bilingual program as schools import teachers from the second language countries and giving them responsibility to be teacher in the bilingual education. Th is action is the cause of many problems in the education system i.e. many imported teachers do not have proper and adequate skills to present the bilingual curriculum and the pronunciation and vocabulary of the teacher might be different from the students language so students have to face many difficult situations during the education system. The recruitment of teachers in the bilingual education is tough task for the schools in the Australian society as well other parts of the world. Rather than importing the teachers from various places, use of the local teachers would be beneficial as native language is appropriate for teaching so that student would not be confused due to the variation of the languages. Further, perfection of the intuitive language is important though it must be separate in terms of bilingual education. Countries are making second language as the optional and due to this fact; students are losing their fluency on the languages (Lucero, 2015). Low expectations The most apparent failure of Australian schools is that it does not recognize mental inabilities of some students. Poor performances of the marginal, immigrant school population, disadvantages are the factors affecting the bilingual education in the Australian schools. There is the lack of language competency which can be seen commonly as the lack of mental competency. There is the requirement of civil rights to address the lack of language skills in the bilingual programs. Along with this, there is the issue that bilingual educations in the schools are seen as option al education programs for the low mental capability students in the society. so, unfortunately parents, teachers and the students themselves consider the bilingual education as the low level opportunity and convert it into low level of the performance. Rules and regulations There are various laws that affect the execution of bilingual education in the schools. Such rules and policies are becoming handicap in the success of the implementation the bilingual programs. The restrictions are affecting the characteristics of the teachers along with the languages used by them. The restrictions are also impacting the relationship with the donors and the use of native languages and many others (Crdenas, 2017). Recommendations To get success in the implementation of bilingual education, schools in the Australia society must address these problems. Society must widen the learning opportunities for most of the school populations and students, especially for the language minority students and limited language proficient students. Importance of language learnings must be improved due to competing demands of the crowded prospectus. Some immersion programs such as language integrated learning programs and content related programs should be delivered as the second language that would b e helpful for the students to become bilingual along with learning more subjects. The national curriculum authority should support the language achievement by following the model of compulsory language funding and learning in the Australian schools. Language learning should be considered as the key part of 21st century skills. Speaking in more than one language provides high level of benefit to the students who want to grow in the increasingly connected world. If learning becomes essential, there would be great chance to raise the status of Australian schools and motivate more people to move into language teachings (Dabrowski, 2015). Conclusion From the above discussion, it is observed that bilingual education has great importance to raise the students in the growing world. Basically, bilingual programs are aims on creating favourable environments for the students to adjust in the intercultural language environment. There are many forms of bilingual education basically and the enactment of the program in across all levels of is very effective. So, high level of authorities and management should focus on finding and improvement of the bilingual education system. Final Report on Bilingual Education in Schools (colleges and universities) The colleges and universities have a bigger role in transforming the society by increasing student employability and imparting them with knowledge. However, it has to embrace diversity necessitating use of more language to accommodate more students. This is more necessary in colleges and universities that deal with international students. This report gives an overview on how bilingual education can be incorporated into early childhood education to improve language diversity. Review of secondary data is the best methodology so far applicable in conducting this current research. Furthermore, primary data can be collected by adopting interview and questionnaires to better performance by collecting data that indicate performance. The current study indicated that there are various ways for engaging institutional administration, parents and students to promote bilingual education. Interaction among bilingual peer is enhance through open communication. In order to improve student ability to speak more than one language, efforts need to be geared towards addressing difficulties associated with adoption of bilingual education programs in both primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Objectives The main objective of this study is to examine challenges facing bilingual education programs in Australian learning institutions and contribute to knowledge integrated management practices to enhance its success. The specific objectives are: To determine the most common languages used for teaching in Australian institutions (primary secondary and universities) To determine programs for improving bilingual education in the early childhood Major challenges affecting adoption of bilingual education in Australian institutions Importance of bilingual language around the globe Research questions Which languages are commonly used for teaching in Australian institutions (primary secondary and universities)? Which programs can be adopted for improving bilingual education in the early childhood? What are the challenges affecting adoption of bilingual education in Australian institutions? What roles does bilingual language play around the globe? Scope of the research paper report This report is restricted to learning institution in Australia including primary, secondary and tertiary learning institutions. The information relating problems identified in the learning institution is reinforced by the secondary data from books and journals. This report depicts an overall view of challenges and offer framework for possible answer to the underlined problems. The recommendation from this study assist government and learning institutions management to improve on their competitiveness by managing language diversity thereby attracting students from all over the world. Background information This chapters covers how this research could be steered to gather pertinent data that isolates root causes of problems. Valuable information is also outlined due to good good data analysis methods used. Research Design The major data and information for this project is from secondary sources. In order to collect primary data, descriptive survey research design is adopted for colleges and universities. This design will involve both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative helps in ascertaining level of perception of the participants while the quantitative focuses on prediction. Questionnaires are use to collect primary data from students at universities and colleges. The target population depends on the aim of study and the data required. The respondent for this study comprises the staff and student in primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. In this case the students who reside in hostels and the staffs working in institution must be chosen for the study. Research Instruments The tool adopted for the collection of data is structured questionnaires that will be delivered physically to the identified participant at learning institutions as hard copy sent them through mail. In that close and open ended questions can be used to solicit extensive information. The Likert scale best suits closed ended questions as the respondent rate parameters of the study (Mercer et al., p. 2). Furthermore, there is a section where participants provide extra relevant information for open ended questions Pilot Test Pilot study is usually carried out with different participants from those that will participate in the main study (Kimberlin and Winterstein, p. 2277). The pilot study helps in identifying challenges that are likely to be met in the main study. Data Collection Procedure The questionnaires will be delivered to the study participants and allowed adequate time to fill. The researcher can make a call as a reminder to the interviewee to enhance response rate. Data Analysis and Presentation The raw data will be coded and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSSS). Descriptive and inferential statistics helps in describing the results of the findings relating bilingual programs in schools. Proposed operative suggestion Most common languages used for teaching in Australian institutions (primary, secondary and universities) In most Australian teaching institutions, they use English. However, in the state of Victoria some schools use Greek and Italian while others teach in French, Japanese, Irish and Chinese. These languages are used as the main languages of instructions. Bilingual education basically allow use of two different languages for learning. Japanese in Australia Japanese is most taught language in Australia especially to both colleges and universities since 1970s until the early 2000s (Smolicz p.12). This is a unique situation in Australia especially within the western world. Australia-japan relationship partly derived the impetus for this expansion due to its economic and strategic importance. The teaching of Japanese lead to great growth and development of the government investments. The fame of the committed teachers, opportunities of students to travel to japan and good resources among other factors supported the spread of Japanese in the country. Currently, the study of Japanese in Australia must fulfil essential factors: Ensuring individual in Australia can understand japan and communicate in Japanese At normal standards large number of Australian are taught to relate well with the Japanese people at their institutions of work and social lives. These skills can be developed at school and further achieved through study in tertiary and education beyond. Provide educational benefits of language learning Language learning basically enhances many social, cognitive and other advantages not bound to fluency of the aim language (Scarino p.298). As the most taught language, Japanese provides an entry to the wider world which prepares them to be more diverse and for an increasingly globalized world. In remarks, Japanese has several growth factors and successes behind for those student is conversant with it. They have a solid backing base at university and college to enable locally able trained teachers of Japanese language. They are also privileged to have financial support from the Japanese government. Government has taken important measures to ensure proper growth of a National Council for Japanese Education that provide advocacy and leadership across primary to tertiary level. Programs for improving bilingual education in the early childhood Necessary program has been established to improve children skills at their early age especially the disadvantaged children. They enable children to be more competent in literacy and academic skills in English. Preschools and early school enrichment among other programs are in place currently to improve lower quality model programs (Scarino p.300). This report generally discusses prompt juvenile education curricula, content, timing and their associated benefits. Some of these program models include: Transitional bilingual education It occurs to children of age older than three years who are taught in their native language, to guarantee that the children progress well in learning conducted at local language at school as for subjects such as social studies, science and mathematics. Previous studies indicate that most skills and knowledge gained in the native language can certainly be conveyed to the second language. The main objective of this program assist the pupils transition to many other known languages. In the transitional bilingual language program, the pupils principal language is used to help them develop skills and acquire academic knowledge. Basically, it aims at developing literacy and academic skills in the native language. Dual language immersion Bilingual Education This program is designed to help English speakers become learn other languages. This program has 90% of the instructions reinforced by the larger culture and 10% in the minority language (Lo Bianco p.10). In the 5th grade the language is now divided into equal proportions involving curriculum split to be taught in two langauges. Leaders normally strengthen concepts taught across the two languages to enhance learning. The theme of content is being used to alternate language instructions. It aims at improving language proficiency, and a higher level of competency in solving mathematics word problems. Developmental maintenance These programs are learner focused and aim to develop skills in one language while at the same time, maintaining the skills of another. The main objective is to develop and maintain competency in two languages as the learner progresses through schooling. This is the underlying nationale of bilingual language. Language remedial This is program that leads to the mainstream language curriculum and their concepts. They usually occur in various building, annex and settings the langue used may not necessarily be involved at mainstream (Smolicz p.52). These programs have substantial benefits especially for the disadvantaged children. Other programs have been supported in the aim of improving educational achievement, earning and reducing welfare dependency and crime. Some of these programs are meant to enhance instructional practices for linguistically and culturally diverse children and provide high-quality professional development opportunities. Importance of Bilingual Language Use Research Researchers and educators view bilingualism as a major hindrance to youngsters academic and intellectual development. Previous studies came to realize bilingualism created extensive forces in the brain of the learner making it stressful in getting concepts. Having the ability to speak many languages is beneficial to the student in terms of interaction with diverse culture. Bilingualism has greatly improved the body of research and students possessing this gift have greatly been advantaged in terms of literacy development and adoption of problem solving skills and many extra areas of intellect. This has brought by a potent change in our historic perspective. 2. Self-understanding and community understanding Bilingualism is increasingly getting attention due to globalization that has increased movement of people around the world. This can enhance learning new cultures. It makes one smarter and it has a profound effect on ones brain, improves cognitive skills and has a shielding effect in old age against dementia We also clearly understand that bilingualism has brought self-awareness and community in students. Nelson favourable quote: if you talk to a man in a language he understands it will go to his head and if you talk to a man in his language it will go to his heart. This a very powerful statement proving the importance of bilingualism. 3. Business field Competitiveness, not only in the country but also in the world depends on achievement of the goal of use of bilingual language in institutions. A recent survey indicates that many organizations prefer diverse employment and prefer workers who can speak more than one language. The advancement in technology has enhanced competition forcing multinational companies to train its staff to be bilingual. Brain development In a study by physiologists Ellen and Martin-Rhee on the bilingual and monolingual pre-schoolers where the students were requested to differentiate two shapes depicted in different colours displayed in the computer screen (Copland p.740). In the first task had to sort the shapes based on colour and it was evident that both groups performed this perfectly. They were also asked to sort in reference to shape and it was quit challenging because they were to place in a bin marked with a conflicting colour. The bilinguals were quicker in performing this task. 5. Control of dementia In recent study of 44 elderly Spanish-English bilinguals, scientists led by the neurophysiologist Tamar Gollan of university of California, san Diego, concluded that individuals using comparative evaluation of proficiency in each language-were most resistant than others to the onset of dementia and other symptoms of Alzheimer disease. Bilingualism therefore is a remedy to dementia. Challenges affecting adoption of bilingual language Bilingual programs face a lot of challenge in adoption especially when disadvantaged children are concerned. This is because it occurs via different channels since it is bimodal also. This is very challenging especially when the most children are deaf because they are not likely to have full access to the language, culture or experience of their parents (Bianco p.2). This makes the culture to be acquired from the surrounding context rather than acquired from family generations. Deaf children may come to school without a strong first language base from which to develop a second language thus, unable to adopt spoken language of the dominant communities (Alidou p.130). Strategies to improve bilingual education Funding the programs The main funding source has been grants from special education and Equity within the that including the department of Education and training. The imaginative and flexibility of the available funds contributes major achievement of these programs. These sources are not permanent though reliable by continued reports by clear documentation. Providing for the diverse needs of Deaf students and hearing impaired Campaign have been conducted to ensure that all student have general awareness of the bilingual education. They access the curriculum through english and others through Auslan. Programs such as speech therapy among others such as auditory intervention is provided to negotiation with parents and speech pathology assessment. These students have a balanced emphasis on acquisition of skills in the bilingual curriculum (Baker p.69). The provision of the primary language upon which a secondary language could be built It has been achieved through enlarging Auslan tuition to hearing students as well as the general school community (De Oliveira p.65). Deaf students are also provided with specific extensions and Auslan intervention taught by a Deaf teacher which address specific needs of a student. This becomes the foundation for the teaching and learning of English literacy. References Alidou, H., 2009. Promoting multilingual and multicultural education in francophone Africa: Challenges and perspectives. Languages and education in Africa: A comparative and transdisciplinary analysis, pp.105-131. Athanases, S.Z. and De Oliveira, L.C., 2008. Advocacy for equity in classrooms and beyond: New teachers challenges and responses. Teachers College Record, 110(1), pp.64-104. Baker, C. and Jones, S.P. eds., 1998. Encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education. Multilingual Matters. Baker, C., 2011. Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism (Vol. 79). Multilingual matters. Baker, C., 2011. Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism (Vol. 79). Multilingual matters. Bianco, J.L. and Slaughter, Y., 2016. Bilingual Education in Australia. In Bilingual and Multilingual Education (pp. 1-14). Springer International Publishing. Bonfiglio, C., (2016), The Benefits of a Bilingual Education, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://bilingualkidspot.com/2016/07/21/bilingual-education-benefits/ Brock-Utne, B. and Skattum, I. eds., 2009, May. Languages and education in Africa: A comparative and transdisciplinary analysis. Symposium Books Ltd. Brock-Utne, B., 2007. Language of instruction and student performance: New insights from research in Tanzania and South Africa. International Review of Education, 53(5-6), pp.509-530. Bullivant, B.M., 1975. Competing Values and Traditions in an Orthodox Jewish Day School: A Study of Enculturation Dissonance. Crdenas, J. A., (2017), Current Problems in Bilingual Education: Part II, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://www.idra.org/resource-center/current-problems-in-bilingual-education-part-ii/ Cenoz, J., Hufeisen, B. and Jessner, U. eds., 2001. Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Psycholinguistic perspectives (Vol. 31). Multilingual Matters. Copland, F., Garton, S. and Burns, A., 2014. Challenges in teaching English to young learners: Global perspectives and local realities. Tesol Quarterly, 48(4), pp.738-762. Dabrowski, A., (2015), How to make Australia more bilingual, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://theconversation.com/how-to-make-australia-more-bilingual-42609 De Courcy, M., 2005. Policy challenges for bilingual and immersion education in Australia: Literacy and language choices for users of Aboriginal languages, Auslan and Italian. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 8(2-3), pp.178-187. Della Casa, M., 1985. Didattica dell'italiano: problemi, prospettive e ipotesi in chiave curricolare. La scuola. Department of Immigration and Border Protection, (2012), Family migration to Australia, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/family-migration-australia-august-2012.pdf Disbray, S., (2017), Why more schools need to teach bilingual education to Indigenous children, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2017/06/16/why-more-schools-need-teach-bilingual-education-indigenous-children Garca, O., 2011. Bilingual education in the 21st century: A global perspective. John Wiley Sons. Garca, O., 2011. Bilingual education in the 21st century: A global perspective. John Wiley Sons. Gay, G., 2010. Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. Teachers College Press. Gkaintartzi, A. and Tsokalidou, R., 2011. She is a very good child but she doesnt speak: The invisibility of children's bilingualism and teacher ideology. Journal of Pragmatics, 43(2), pp.588-601. Harris, R., McL.(1976) Poles Apart? An Intergenerational Study of Selected Samples of Post War Polish Immigrants in South Australia. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University of Adelaide. Johnson, D. C., Johnson, E. J., (2015), Language policy and bilingual education in Arizona and Washington state: International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 18(1), 92-112 Johnson, K.E., 2006. The sociocultural turn and its challenges for second language teacher education. Tesol Quarterly, 40(1), pp.235-257. Johnson, R.K. and Swain, M. eds., 1997. Immersion education: International perspectives. Cambridge University Press. Kim, M., (2015), The Current Problems of Bilingual Education Programs for Multicultural Families by the Korean Government Departments: Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 103, pp.92-96 Komesaroff, L., 2008. Disabiling Pedagogy: Power, Politics, and Deaf Education. Gallaudet University Press. Li L., (2006), A survey on students language capacity and measures to be taken for bilingual education in higher education institute: Liaoning Education Study, 12, 61-63 Lin, M. Y. A., Garca, O., (2016), Translanguaging in Bilingual Education: Springer International Publishing Lo Bianco, J. and Slaughter, Y., 2016. Bilingual Education in Australia. Bilingual and Multilingual Education, pp.1-14. Lucero, A., (2015), Bilingual Research Journal: The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education: Bilingual research journal, 38(1), 107-123 Luchtenberg, S., 2002. Bilingualism and bilingual education and their relationship to citizenship from a comparative German-Australian perspective. Intercultural Education, 13(1), pp.49-61. Meyer, S., Gekeler, P., Manger, S. and Urank, D., 2013. Plurilingualism, multilingualism and internationalisation in the European Higher Education Area: Challenges and perspectives at a Swiss university. Language Learning in Higher Education, 2(2), pp.405-425. Mokrzycki, E., 1965. Some remarks on the concept of culture. The Polish Sociological Bulletin, 2, pp.16-21. Szacki, J., 1971. Mongeau, L., (2016), Battle of bilingual education once again brewing in California, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/battle-of-bilingual-education-once-again-brewing-in-california/ Nicholls, C., 2005. Death by a thousand cuts: Indigenous language bilingual education programmes in the Northern Territory of Australia, 19721998. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 8(2-3), pp.160-177. Pauwels, A., 2005. Maintaining the community language in Australia: Challenges and roles for families. International journal of bilingual education and bilingualism, 8(2-3), pp.124-131. Pavlenko, A. and Blackledge, A. eds., 2004. Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts (Vol. 45). Multilingual Matters. Pray, L. Jimenez, R. (2009), Literacy and English language learners: What researchers and policy makers should know: Educational Researcher, 38(5), 380-81 Rado, M., 1976. Bilingual education in Australia. Folia Linguistica, 9(1-4), pp.45-58. Rando, G., 1971. The influence of Australian English on Italian spoken by Sicilian migrants in Perth. Quaderni: Dell'Instituto Italiano Di Cultura, 4, pp.171-176 Saronne, E.T., 1981. Viaggio nell'italiano popolare: strumenti per l'educazione linguistica. Il mulino. Scarino, A., 2014. Situating the challenges in current languages education policy in Australiaunlearning monolingualism. International Journal of Multilingualism, 11(3), pp.289-306. Schjerve, R.R. and Vetter, E., 2012. European multilingualism: Current perspectives and challenges (Vol. 147). Multilingual matters. Skerrett, M., Gunn, A., (2011), Quality in Immersion-bilingual Early Years Education for Language Acquisition, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://www.education.canterbury.ac.nz/research_labs/maori/Quality_in_immersion.pdf Skutnabb-Kangas, T., McCarty, T. L., (2008), Key concepts in bilingual education: Ideological, historical, epistemological, and empirical foundations: Encyclopedia of Language and Education, 5, pp. 3-17, New York, NY: Springer Smolicz, J.J., 1979. Personal cultural systems in a plural society. Media Asia, 6(1), pp.43-52. Tradycja: przeglad problematyki [Tradition: A Review of Problems]. Warsaw: Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Nankowe Umansky, I. M., Reardon, S. F., (2015), The Promise of Bilingual and Dual Immersion Education: CEPA Working Paper, accessed on 31st August 2017 from https://cepa.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/wp15-11v201510.pdf Valds, G., 1995. The teaching of minority languages as academic subjects: Pedagogical and theoretical challenges. The Modern Language Journal, 79(3), pp.299-328.

Saturday, November 30, 2019

Why Having a Large Vocabulary Is Good Essay Example

Why Having a Large Vocabulary Is Good Paper Your vocabulary tells the rest of the world a lot about you. It shows a person’s background, upbringing, education, and even his or her inclinations. A large vocabulary shows not only your aptitude for language, but also shows a good, solid background in reading. We tend to generalize people with wide vocabularies to be smart, highly-educated, and well-read. By this perception alone, it is no wonder that many people aspire to inject big words and elaborate phrases into their speech, just to show people how well-read they are. Of course, this is not to say that people who amass a wide vocabulary do it simply for the superficial reason of showing off. But we cannot deny that people who endeavor to develop an elegant way of speaking by the use of a wide vocabulary tend to impress their listeners and audience. Someone with a wide vocabulary shows us that the person is proficient with words. It aids greatly not only in providing a positive and learned impression of the speaker, but allows the speaker to communicate his or her ideas more effectively. When you have a large pool of words to choose from, it easier to select a word which best fits a particular situation or is most applicable for a certain audience. The speaker can adjust his or her words to suit the ambiance, since a wide vocabulary always provides for an alternative on what word we wish to use to express our thoughts and feelings. A wide vocabulary is a powerful tool. It allows the possessor thereof to influence its audience, such as the case of a charismatic speaker, in any lecture, audience, session, or conversation. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Having a Large Vocabulary Is Good specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why Having a Large Vocabulary Is Good specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why Having a Large Vocabulary Is Good specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Someone who is a connoisseur of words will be able to give a more effective talk or presentation in front of any association. A large vocabulary is essential not only for a public speaker, but for a writer, since it allows them to put down what they want to say in many different ways, with less tendency for dispute as to their meaning and interpretation. It allows the speaker to offer sympathy or to denounce a topic or person in a tactful way, especially if the listener is not familiar with the words used. Having a wide vocabulary may have negative effects on a person as well, such as when the possessor thereof tends to be arrogant and judgmental of people who do not possess the same vast vocabulary. It can give one the feeling of superiority and of being better educated or smarter than other people, and as a result they tend to alienate people whose vocabulary do not match theirs. What people with a wide vocabulary should take not is that not everyone is as fortunate to have been exposed to such literature and education, and that a lack of a wide vocabulary does not necessarily indicate illiteracy, but rather a lack of opportunity. People with a large vocabulary comprise a privileged set – those who have had the opportunity to read or study extensively – and should not make excessive use of this gift to segregate other people who have not been as lucky. Instead, they should use their vocabulary to entice people to the world of reading and learning, and should be generous about sharing the benefits of having a large vocabulary. They must not hesitate to share what they know, and must use their large vocabulary as a tool not only in expressing themselves but in helping others to express themselves as well.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The Benetton group

The Benetton group Founded in 1965, the Benetton Group started with limited resources that necessitated the strategy that ultimately resulted in rapid international growth. Since the beginning, Benetton concentrated on devoting its skills to the design and manufacture of quality clothing instead of providing direct consumer retailing. Benetton established a competitive advantage by establishing its brand as the best-known Italian apparel manufacturer, concentrating mainly on fashion-conscious young consumers from their mid teens through mid thirties.Since almost 85% of its production is subcontracted to approximately 500 contractors both in Italy and abroad, and most retail stores are independently owned, Benetton does not have direct managerial control over production and sales operations. Additionally, Benetton's in-house operations and manufacturing partners are largely centralized in Italy (as much as 82% of core manufactured products were produced in Italy), making them susceptible to exchange rat e fluctuations.On the retail side, Benetton utilizes contracted agents working on commission to establish and support retail outlets.BenettonThe entrepreneurial agency system helped Benetton to rapidly expand their retail network, and thus, push more Benetton products. However, the agency system does not provide the operational support to retail stores found in centrally controlled retail competitors, like The Gap, and cannot enforce any commonality in layout, stocking, or dÂÆ'Â ©cor from store to store. Additionally, the compensation structure for agents only encourages sales. There is little direct incentive to share best practices with other agents in different territories, to share business intelligence with Benetton, or to devote resources to helping build the Benetton brands. In other words, the agency system encourages the 'free-rider' effect.It is recommended that Benetton alter its strategy in four steps to defend its core markets, and to prepare itself for future global expansion into new markets. In other words, Benetton needs to achieve globalization for its long-term growth, and...

Friday, November 22, 2019

3 Simple Ways You Can Be More Positive at Work

3 Simple Ways You Can Be More Positive at Work To be perfectly honest, I find working closely with groups of people somewhat stressful. I notice plenty of details and lots of them are irritating. You may work with griping colleagues, grouchy colleagues, hypercritical colleagues, or just complaining ones.How can you channel that nitpicky attitude into something that benefits the whole team? And how can you make sure you’re not a drain on the office yourself? Eve Ash, over at SmartCompany.com, has some helpful tips for you and your team.1. Make Negativity More ProductivePut that judginess to work! Your detail-oriented approach will help you identify errors or inconsistencies and address them before they hurt your company’s profile. Use your always see the problems skills to be your teams editor or worst-case-scenario planner. If youre going to find fault in things, you might as well fix them!The challenge is making sure your diplomacy skills are also well-developed, too- Mary Poppins was on to something with her spoon ful of sugar idea.2. Work On YourselfWhether you work with colleagues  who are negative or find yourself bogged down in self-critical or irritable thoughts, look for ways to turn your attitude around. Try to appreciate the passion behind  a cub-mates inquiry or the opportunity to have them vet your work before a higher-up or a client sees it. Lower your defenses to hear their corrections as a sign of their investment in your shared work, not a criticism of you!3. Encourage Others When You CanIf you’re receiving feedback that feels relentlessly negative or you find yourself caught up giving  harsh critiques without softening them with some more complementary responses, make an effort to accompany every criticism with a constructive suggestion (and to ask that your colleagues provide the same). Make sure you acknowledge a job well done, even if it involves correction of your own work or what feels like a challenge to your authority!

Thursday, November 21, 2019

The hungry ocean Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The hungry ocean - Essay Example nagement of the crew, interaction with a tough and a hard businessman boss, acute competition from other boats engaged in similar operations and interpersonal problems of having to remain away from the family for long durations, and achieves sterling success in all the areas. By her own admission gender has never been a problematic issue in her, illustrious and legendary career on the high seas. An interesting part of the conversation is highlighted at the concluding pages of the book and Linda Greenlaw writes, â€Å"What more do you want? You make a good living doing what you love. That’s more than most people have.†(256) The story of her becoming the commander of the one-hundred-foot-long sword fishing boat, named Hannah Boden is amazing. She has a wonderful childhood and her enlightened parents are pleased to give her the liberty to choose the career of her choice. Little do they realize that she will opt for the career of a fisherman. She goes to become the legend. The life of a fisherman is tougher and the mood of the ocean is unpredictable. This is not the profession where one is engaged in the table work from 10 a.m. to 5p.m.The duration of a sword fishing trip to the Grand Banks of Newfoundland will last for a month or more. According to her, the actual job of fishing is a thrill but â€Å"the greatest challenges any captain faces are often keeping th e crew focused, making sure the vessel remains mechanically sound, and returning safely to port." (p. xi) She becomes an author due to fortuitous circumstances and she writes, â€Å"I wonder daily of the opportunity to write this book has been a blessing or a curse. Writing has proven to be hard work, often painful. I can honestly say that I would rather be fishing.†(Preface) Destiny wills it thus and events in her childhood do much to support her decision to go to sea. Her family lives on an island on the cost of Maine and it is but natural that she sees high prospectus for her life and career amidst the waves

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Business Structures Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Structures - Coursework Example General corporations exhibit unlimited life. They continue to exist upon the death of the shareholders. It is easier to transfer the ownership of a general corporation. Such transfer take place through sale of stock and does not affect the management of the business. As a business structure, general corporations have limitations. Relative to sole proprietorship, general corporations are expensive to start due to the large capital base required. The formation of general corporations entails more legal formality. They are also subject to many federal and state rules and regulations during their operations. Formation of S Corporation businesses depend on the decision of the owners to avoid income tax while at the same time keep enjoying the advantages associated with limited liability of corporations. In terms of advantages, the S corporations exhibit the same benefits as the general corporations. Distinction between the advantages of the two businesses structures sets in when it comes to tax issue (Jamison, 2009). S corporations enjoy exemption from double taxation that is mandatory for the general corporations. S Corporations escape from double taxation because reporting of incomes occurs once during the filing of personal tax returns of the shareholders. The liability of shareholders in S Corporation is limited. The major disadvantage of this type of business structure is the dominance in decision-making by the majority shareholder. At times, .the decision made may not be to the best interest of other shareholders. The shareholders in the S corporation must come from the United Stat es. Aliens do not have the right to run the business type. During formation of this business structure, certificate of incorporation is a requirement. A limited liability company combines limited liability features of corporations and limited taxation of sole proprietorship.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Developed countries Essay Example for Free

Developed countries Essay One of their impositions is the much-touted phenomenon of globalization. This is literally being stuffed down the third world throat which is already over-choked with Western sleaze. Everybody knows that it is a Western ploy for self-promotion, yet the brazen attitude of the West to package it as an exclusive blessing for the teeming millions of the developing world is strange. There was a time when people disguised even a blessing which in fact need no disguise; they have at least some spot of decency in them. But now even a curse is being strutted as a virtue. But the facts call out different shots. The whole plan is a Western conspiracy against the developing world and might prove the last nail in its coffin. Jan Nederveen Pieterse (2004) is of the view that â€Å"While global economic integration has grown over the past decades, global inequality has increased. In a clear rupture with the pattern over previous decades, global inequality has increased sharply since the 1980s. † There is now little doubt that globalization of the world is inevitable. Because of the magical innovations set in by technology distances are dissolving like aspirin in a bowl of water, communication is becoming instant as the blink of human eye and decisions are being taken in split seconds across the globe. In general term, it is this shrinking of time and space that can be defined as globalization. Sooner or later, the globe must be a teeny-weeny easily accessible place. More suspect is the haste with which globalization is being bulldozed into the third world. It took the Europeans more than half a century to arrive at a reasonable consensus for creating a European Union and yet they allow only a handful of nations to join it. The economically stable European countries do not allow the cash-strapped countries to join them unless and until they upscale their living standards. This requirement is meant to ensure that when the barriers of immigration, trade, capital flow out and other stumbling blocks are lifted, there are no mass confusions which might threaten established society and living standards of the rich nations. If they are cautious about a developed area like Europe, how come they are not worried about what will happen when barriers are dismantled between bizarre countries like Somalia and centers of serenity like Australia? The rich countries are not worried because their brand of globalization is a dystopia unlike the European Union. The only barriers they wish to snap through the World Trade Organization are those which have been raised by the third world for the cushioning of their industry and trade from the more advanced and developed countries. There is not even a small reference to the barriers erected by rich countries to pre-empt migration. On the contrary stringent laws are being imposed to ensure that the cozy life style of their societies is not disrupted by immigrants from the ‘cash-clipped’ countries. The West is obviously very selective and its veneer of egalitarianism is only a smoke screen to hide its more sinister intentions. For example, it will never capitulate to the demolition of certain barriers, â€Å"even though hell should bar the way†. These are the barriers for the transfer of technology, easy access to capital, equal opportunity, partnerships and a host of other barriers whose retention gives the West an edge over the East. It is no denying the fact that globalization is very helpful for the developed countries. It will definitely reduced the status of poor countries to that of suppliers of raw materials while the developed countries will chuckle at them and will use this raw material to fill the stomachs of their always hungry industries.. The capitalist free traders are now not in need to compete with the communists and so they have stopped showing a friendly face. Their greed knows no bounds. They looked for countries which had fought hard to gain independence; next thing they want of them is to give up that precious independence, to do away with their borders, to allow the capitalists free access to do what they like to the economies of these poverty-stricken countries. This term is given the name of free competition by the capitalists of the developed world. As they merge and acquire each other, they become monstrous giants against whom the small businesses in the poor and developing countries will not be able to compete. Now, what is the meaning of competition if you cannot win at all in the end? A few of these big giants will control the economy of the whole world. And it is a sad thing that they are not above cheating and corruption.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Charles Dickens :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Charles Dickens Something about Charles Dickens and his ability to take his reader to unbelievable places with his imaginative powers allows him the honor of being the most popular English novelist of the 19th century. Dickens has thrilled his readers for many years with his down-to-earth stories about real people forced into real situations. Charles Dickens has the ability to tell his stories from personal experiences. He fine-tuned his ability to tell his own story through the life of another character or cast of characters. Born on the evening of February 7, 1812, Charles Dickens was the second child of his parents, John and Elizabeth Dickens.. Although he was a solitary child, Dickens was observant and good natured . Looking back on this period of his life, Dickens thought of it as the golden age (Carey 6). In the first novel that he wrote, The Pickwick Papers, Dickens tries to bring back the good old times as he remembers them with their picturesque nature. Gary Carey believes that this novel displays the happiness of innocence and the playful spirit of the youth during the time of Dickens's youthful days (7). Overtaken by financial difficulties, the Dickens family was forced to move into a shabby suburb of Camden Town. This move must have shown the family how good they had it back in Chatham. There Dickens was removed from school and forced to work degrading menial jobs in an effort to help his struggling father put food on the table. Dickens was put to work in a blackening factory among many rough and cruel employees, probably the worst job in town. Shortly after Dickens started working in the factory his father was thrown into jail for failure to pay his debts, only to be released three months later. This period of time affected Dickens greatly as he went into a period of depression. He felt abandoned and destroyed by this evil roller-coaster ride of life he was on. From this time period come many of the major themes of his more popular novels. Perhaps the most popular of these novels is David Copperfield. In this novel Dickens depicts a young man who grows up in a very similar way to that of his own (Allen 28).

Monday, November 11, 2019

Change, Follow, or Get Out of the Way Essay

Change in an organization can be and usually is difficult for various reasons. Much of the difficulty is in the approach used to initiate change and the willingness to stay engaged and stamina to sustain change through to the end. Organizations can choose to lead by recognizing and implementing change, follow in the shadow of organizations leading the market, or get out of the way by standing still and eventually going under. With this said; if change was easily done and successful for every organization there would be no need for change management specialists and years and years of study to establish approaches and models for implementing change. Change would be a natural evolutionary process such as a caterpillar evolves into a butterfly, but it is not that simple. Seemingly simple changes to processes or procedures can cause an unbalance with leaders and employees alike. First the need for change needs to be identified; followed by the proper model or approach used to implement this change. During this paper, I will discuss implementing the Advanced Skills Management (ASM) software change in an organization by using Kotter’s Eight-Step Approach. First it is important to give some background on how organizations are structured specifically aviation squadrons with respect to the Marine Corps. The military branches are large separate decentralized organizations that are controlled ultimately by the President of the United States. Since it is impossible for the President to efficiently manage all branches and all the separate divisions within them, each branch has a leader or CEO. Aviation squadrons are made up of different Military Occupational Specialties that pertain to the type model series aircraft assigned. Each specialty has different responsibilities in the care and maintenance of the aircraft; therefore, requires separate and different training and is broken down into separate departments. It has all the typical levels of management expected; executive managers, middle managers, and frontline managers as well as managerial types such as staff managers and line managers. The Commanding Officer would be considered the CEO with the Executive Officer, Sergeant Major, Maintenance Officer, and Maintenance Training Chief falling into the general manager level. The Officer in Charge of each division would fall into the mid-level and the Senior Marine in each department being the front-line managers. Each has similar reporting criteria, responsibilities, and decision making power as would a civilian organization structured this way. As one might imagine with a military unit it has a mechanistic structure with a high use of rules and procedures, with formal relationships between workers. In regards to the degree of delegation of decision making authority and power the organization is primarily centralized; however, some decentralization does exist to allow latitude in day to day business. The organization I have chosen is an organization I was previously attached. Diagnosing this change falls under the Action Research Model, primary because an outside agency comes in to perform audits looking at our processes and procedures to ensure proper adherence to applicable rules and regulations are being followed and to train or advice on changes required. Through their process they discovered our organization’s documentation was incomplete or not correctly annotated. This probably does not seem like a very difficult change to make considering it is just documentation; however, it does go deeper than simply changing how maintenance training is documented. The Chief of Naval Operations has established goals of seventy three percent MC (mission capable and fifty six percent FMC (full mission capable) as the overall material readiness goal (Aircraft Material Condition Readiness, 2012). When qualifications and training are not properly documented the ability and efficiency of the squadron is impaired causing the organization to struggle to me larger goals such as those of the Chief of Naval Operations, not to mention not being able to execute our Marine Corps mission. This change is difficult to determine if it should be referred to as first or second order changes, because it will and has affected the organization as a whole and for most members this will be a radical change. Within aviation squadrons each member is required to complete training syllabi for each of their different Military Occupational Specialty, ground support equipment, and advanced qualifications. Other training requirements such as safety training, NAVOSH (Navy equivalent to OSHA), Military Occupational Specialty classroom training, and on records of on-the-job training are maintained. All of this information is recorded on paper and kept in each members training jackets requiring large amounts of time to keep current. The first of Kotter’s Eight-Step Approach is establish a sense of urgency to have a pressing importance of action towards addressing issues and without this sense of urgency employees will not be motivated to examine markets and competitive realities needed to identify and discuss crises, potential crises, or opportunities the organization may be faced with (Weiss, 2012). In this instance the sense of urgency or the pressing importance of this change intervention on saving time on administrative actions, providing an efficient process for accurately recording training information for auditing purposes, and using that time on aircraft maintenance to enable the organization to better meet the Chief of Naval Operations goals for aircraft readiness. Also, confronting the brutal facts that training, because of the time consuming process now is not being documented accurately or in a timely manner, sometimes not at all. The goal here would be to help others recognize the need for change and generate a need to act immediately at all levels. To help all levels of leadership see the urgency, showing them the advantages to implementing the software would be my immediate action. First demonstrating the reduction of man hours spent maintaining and updating records. The work performed in military aviation is not measured in by a monetary bottom line as is the case in most civilian organizations. Success is measured by maintenance hours versus flight hours and mission readiness of the aircraft we maintain, so the more man hours saved the more can be spent towards the mission. Second advantage is the ability to standardize training and syllabi not only as an aviation community, but for each platform or type aircraft. This will allow easier transfer of personnel and qualifications from one squadron to another again easing the administrative burdens as well as better audit results. Third advantage is the software will link with the maintenance management system used to record all maintenance on the aircraft. This link will transfer on-the-job training for each member from the maintenance document to the on-the-job training section in ASM again saving administrative time of having to physically write each job performed in the training jacket. Second step of Kotter’s Eight-Step Approach is forming a powerful guiding coalition; done by assembling a team of top-level officers or other key influential members from the various levels with enough power and credibility to lead the changes and encourage these members to work as a team (Weiss, 2012). In the military, changes are often implemented simply through adherence to orders given by superiors. Members roger up and get the job done whether they agree or not, but the reason for change should be deeper than this. Sustaining the change under this type of implementation is very difficult and often does not hold. To be able to form a powerful coalition and convince leaders this proactive change is good and get buy-in both the implementation and the sustaining will be easier. In the case of ASM, it seems being able to demonstrate and show leaders at all levels of the management the advantages to implementing the software would be the first step in getting buy-in from them and to begin the coalition. These leaders will not entirely be those with legitimate power, but include those members whose expertise will also lend credibility to the need for this change. An example of this would be those who are responsible for ensuring training is properly conducted and recorded. Furthermore, to demonstrate how the software will save them administrative time, how it will enable better record keeping, show them the data warehousing to enable easier and more accurate reporting of core competencies, and eventually allow them to focus more man hour time on the mission. Third step in Kotter’s approach is developing a vision; meaning to create a vision as a guide to direct the changes along with the strategies that will be needed for achieving the vision (Weiss, 2012). Vision, or common goal, is something for the organization to strive for. This is not likely to be immediately achievable, but gives employees something to believe in and a direction for the company to focus their efforts (Weiss, 2011). The Marine Corps vision states â€Å"The Marine Corps of 2025 will fight and win our Nation’s battles with multicapable MAGTFs, either from the sea or in sustained operations ashore. Our unique role as the Nation’s force in readiness, along with our values, enduring ethos, and core competencies, will ensure we remain highly responsive to the needs of combatant commanders in an uncertain environment and against irregular threats. Our future Corps will be increasingly reliant on naval deployment, preventative in approach, leaner in equipment, versatile in capabilities, and innovative in mindset. In an evolving and complex world, we will excel as the Nation’s expeditionary â€Å"force of choice† (Marine Corps Vision & Strategy 2025, n. . , pg. 6). The Marine Corps vision mentioned, among other things, being â€Å"innovative in mindset†. Part of being innovative is finding ways to be more engaged in the mission and making sure assets are ready whenever and for whatever called upon. Innovation and change normally bring about efficiency and hopefully savings in either money or in this case man hours. The vision for implementing ASM is to create efficiency through innovation; simplifying indirect mission essential tasks allowing more focus on the direct mission goals. Strategy for implementation would be fairly simple and would require to first receive classroom training to learn basic functions of the system. Next phase would include implementing the system at the organization, which would include loading and entering all required qualifications and training from the paper versions of the training jacket. This would include further over the shoulder training from the company who developed the software to help speed the implementation process. This would serve two purposes; first it would allow members to get further training and confidence in the system by learning where information is stored and second they would have experts available to answer questions and issues during the implementation process to help further personal mastery. Fourth step is for the coalition or team formed in step two must communicate the vision by any means possible ensuring employees understand the vision requiring these team members to model the behaviors needed for the vision and strategies to be successful (Weiss, 2012). The vision will be communicated at every opportunity through emails, meetings, flyers, screen savers, texting, and memorandums throughout the squadron to ensure people are aware. Part of communicating the vision would include leaders receiving the training first to help during the implementation process and to show or be visible to the other members by setting the example using the new software with the intent that they will begin to communicate further to members below them. â€Å"A vision is not a vision if people don’t know about it. Repeat the vision, keep it simple, use metaphors and analogies, spread it in many forums and forms. Above all, lead by example. If integrating EH&S into every decision and business process is the vision, make sure you do it, no matter how trivial the decision. This sends a powerful message to everyone you encounter† (Lawrence & Ruth, 1998, para. 7). Step five involves empowering others to act on the vision. At this stage it is important that members become involved in the change and begin to take ownership in determining the success. Members will have received their training and will be operating the system on a day to day basis. This is where those members that have not bought into the change will begin to manifest themselves. They will begin to create barriers and want to revert back to the status quo, because they are comfortable with the old way of conducting business and where short-term wins will be important in showing them how the system is or will benefit them. â€Å"With the urgency established, the vision created, the guiding coalition and communication vehicles established, give employees the chance to take ownership. Eliminate obstacles that impede progress, such as lack of skills, or people who poison the water against change. Facilitate the use of cross-functional teams and allow employees to push the envelope with fresh ideas and renewed energy† (Lawrence & Ruth, 1998, para. 8). Step six is generating short-term wins to solidify the benefits of the change. Short-term wins with the ASM system would include saved time for the administrators maintaining the system and training records. By now there should be noticeable or measurable results available showing the amount of saved man hours or more than likely a measurable increase in man hours spent on the aircraft maintenance mission. As a result, the aircraft readiness should also be increasing allowing the squadron to reach or exceed the CNO goals. Another short-term win will include improved results on audits related to training management with more timely input of information and better accuracy. This in turn should increase the urgency and begin to create or solidify the new culture of using this system. â€Å"To ensure success, short term wins must be both visible and unambiguous. The wins must also be clearly related to the change effort. Such wins provide evidence that the sacrifices that people are making are paying off. This increases the sense of urgency and the optimism of those who are making the effort to change. These wins also serve to reward the change agents by providing positive feedback that boosts morale and motivation. The wines also serve the practical purpose of helping to fine tune the vision and the strategies† (Kotter International, 2012, step 6, para. 3). Step seven requires consolidation of gains and the production of more change. This is done by using increased credibility to change systems, structures and policies and hiring, promoting, and developing members to further implement and reinvigorate the change (Weiss, 2012). Policies such as time limits on completion of syllabi, testing procedures, and access permissions for example would be generated to better control and further enhance the efficiency of the system. Also those members who were causing the barriers for progress of the system would need to be dealt with in order for the change initiative to continue. Unlike many civilian organizations, hiring and firing employees to better position the organization is not an option. Leaders in the upper levels can be relieved, but at lower levels positions are filled by external agencies and you have what you get and make the magic happen with the talent that exists. This often times is very difficult to juggle putting the right people in the right positions to conduct day to day business, much less initiate change and sustain it; so much time is spent trying to develop Marines. During this paper, I discussed implementing the Advanced Skills Management (ASM) software change in an organization by using Kotter’s Eight-Step Approach. It can be a difficult task to implement change, especially when dealing with the various different personalities involved. Having a plan to be able to create urgency for the change, creating coalitions with leaders, and empowering employees with knowledge can make the change process easier by ensuring employees are a part of and take responsibility for the success. In civilian organizations removing those who do not want to be part of the change is an option; however, in the military setting this is not a likely solution making the idea of getting buy-in from members even more important.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Education in Ancient Athens

No civilization can exist without education. All that didn’t perished quickly without a significant mark. Ancient Athens had an excellent system of education and therefore was able to prevail and live for a long time. Education was offered to boys in Athens and schooling started at the age of seven. All Athenians valued education. Even though schools have tuition fees, many poor people paid the money (McAllister). Students from ages seven to fourteen learned three main subjects. They learned grammar, which consisted of reading, writing and math.Music was an important subject to the Athenians and so was gymnastics (Dunkle). Reading and writing that was taught was useful for trade and business (Dunkle). Athenians learned gymnastics to promote health and strength (Dunkle). Music built up characteristics, and entertained friends, and was used to purify their souls (McAllister). The sensible education system of Athens was beneficial to their civilization. Too all students in Greece , the basic reading, writing and math were taught. Being taught reading and writing was helpful in trade.Traders all over the world commonly spoke Greek. It second language for educated people outside of Greece (Mazour). Learning Greek, would help communicate with traders in the world that don’t have Greek as their first language. After elementary school, sophists usually taught the students (Mazour). From them they learned about poetry, the government, ethics, astronomy and rhetoric (Mazour). Rhetoric was the study was public speaking and debating. Rhetoric was helpful to the democratic system that was Athens’ government.This was beneficial to the government because people could speak well in front of people and creating good arguments. Reading and writing isn’t all they valued. They also thought that music was important. The ancient philosopher, Aristole said that music served as education, but also as a pastime and amusement (Dunkle). In music class, they lea rned to sing, and play an instrument. By doing so, they were able to entertain guests at a party (Mazour). Music wasn’t always for these shows, but they supported a calm mind in a healthy body (Mazour). The type of music that a erson listened too also built the characteristics of that person, or so Plato says, â€Å"Teach them the poems of other morally good poets, setting them to the music of the kithara and compel rhythms and harmonies to dwell in the souls of the boys to make them more civilized, more orderly and more harmonious so that they will be good in speech and action† (Dunkle). Plato’s student, Aristotle also agreed to this, â€Å"Therefore it is evident that music is able to produce a certain effect on the character of the soul, and if it is able to do this, it is plain that the young must be introduced to and educated in [music]† (Dunkle).Aristotle stressed that the students must love music, and â€Å"mere appreciation would not be sufficien t† (Dunkle). Training in singing and the playing of an instrument was important. Students that learned went on competitions called Mouseia (Dunkle). This built their confidence and their morale. The Athenians had a special curriculum of gymnastics. In our time, it would be called physical education. Students had athletic training because it promoted good health, strength, courage, and it prepared them for warfare (Dunkle).Unlike Sparta that trained their children to death (Crystal), Athens were not concerned with specialization for a specific job, but to have a wide range of education (McAllister). Good health would lead to longer lifetimes and so Athen’s would be healthier overall. Strength and courage would be useful in battle or it public speeches. This means that Athenians wouldn’t be nervous and would look intimidating because of their good physique. Many kids studied from an early age. There were intelligent students that benefited Athens. The system of edu cation the Athenians had been well made and because of that Athens was able to thrive.It is similar to how our system works today, with College and able to be taught/ or tutored by teachers who are hired. How we have music classes like orchestra and choir. Also like how we have dance classes and physical education classes at school. It is a good system that our education system is based off of. Reading and writing taught the students to communicate and so they could communicate with traders. Music brought peace to the soul, but also served as entertainment. Physical education brought good health and children were able to prepare for warfare. These features of Athenian education made the Athenians stronger and more powerful.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Key stakeholders in Next clothing Essay Example

Key stakeholders in Next clothing Essay Example Key stakeholders in Next clothing Paper Key stakeholders in Next clothing Paper They are required to purchase the products and in turn provide customer loyalty. They are needed to come to the store again and again to keep the flow of business high for the company. Employees It is their duty to withhold the reputation of the store as it is their actions that people will remember upon leaving the store and they are required to make people want to return. They are expected to provide the highest quality service they can and keep customer satisfaction high. Suppliers They are expected to roved high quality products that are suitable to sell. They must meet deadlines for orders and the product must be correct otherwise the business will suffer. Owners It is their day to day running of the company that keep all aspects of the business flowing. They are expected to make sure every area Of the company is running at full potential and every employee is doing the right thing. Trade unions It is the trade unions role to make sure the employees are being treated fairly. They make sure the workers are protected and safe and are in fair and suitable working conditions. They also help the unemployed find jobs in the first place. Employer associations These are very similar to trade unions and are there to protect the right of the employees. Local communities It is very important to appeal to the local communities as they are a very important interest group that require pleasing. National communities They are the ones that must be impressed as it is their opinion that can make or break the company. They are responsible for the upkeep of your company through purchase and it is them who will ultimately decide whether or not your business fits their requirements. Governments It the government who will want the business to be successful as it can boost the economy and create jobs across the country. If the business is successful they can also pay large taxes which boosts the governments funds overall. They are also considered a vital part of the community and with their survival the local economies can thrive as well. Influence on organizations This is when the business needs to take into consideration the rest of their stakeholders when making changes to the business and must make sure there is not a negative effect on the business itself or the stakeholders.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

What Does Santa Clauss Resume Look Like [Infographic]

What Does Santa Clauss Resume Look Like [Infographic] Ho Ho Ho!It’s that time of year again! Santa has his professional resume perfected and is looking forward to flying out to his next assignment. Santa is definitely admired by children everywhere, and he is very experienced in his job so he’ll probably skip his interview step.His resume demonstrates that he has a very clear career path and is filled with accomplishments. However, he still needs to take some classes on Excel to help with his list updating. Check out his resume below and see why he is the man for the job! [Source: Kickresume]

Saturday, November 2, 2019

ECE teacher's Reflection on practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ECE teacher's Reflection on practice - Essay Example Theorize: The episodes with Ryan reflected the Te Whaariki principle of Relationships. Ryan was indeed responsive and reciprocated my attempts at establishing rapport with him. I also met the goals of the strands of well-being, belonging, communication and exploration. For well being, goal 2 of nurturing his emotional well-being was met as he felt safe with me, enough to go about the routines of the day. This likewise meets goals 2 and 3 of the strand of belonging. For the strand of communication, my interactions with Ryan met the goals of developing verbal communication skills as I urged him to talk about his trip and his volcano as well as the goal of discovering and developing different ways to be creative and expressive as I allowed him to express his own ideas in his sand play. Finally, in the activities, goals 1 and 4 were met. Ryan’s creative play with the sand and the tunnel he was making with the volcano was acknowledged and appreciated that he was encouraged enough t o think of expanding his ideas as he developed working theories for making sense of the natural world. In this case, it was his interest in volcanoes. Muellar Tokunaga (2006) shared that allowing children to indulge in their own imaginative play makes them more engaged in learning. Ryan’s sand play with volcanoes was accompanied by his active imaginative thinking as he came up with other ways to make his play more interesting (creating a tunnel with it). Act: I will be more attentive to Ryan and listen to his ideas. I will refrain from pushing my own ideas unless he asks for my own opinion. That way, I will encourage him to come up with his own original ideas. I will do the same with the other children and be more responsive to their needs. Brewer, J. (2001) Introduction to Early Childhood Education. Allyn & Bacon. Ministry of Education (1996) Te Whariki He Whariki Matauranga mo nga Mokopuna o Aotearoa. NZ: Crown. Muellar Tokunaga, N. (2006). Learning from very young children . The First Years: Nga Tau Tuatahi. New Zealand Journal of Infant and Toddler Education, 8(2), 44-46. REFLECTION 2 Analyse: Everyone was excited about the water play activity since it was sure to relieve the children of the heat. I know how much they loved to play with water and got excited myself of the fun they will have. However, in my zeal to let them enjoy the activity, I mistakenly suggested an activity to Jay that could be possibly dangerous not only for him but for the other children. Telling him to ride the bike with his wet body would be risky because he may slip and fall badly on the ground. Worse, he will also endanger children playing in the water in case he loses control. It was a good thing another teacher had the good sense to stop him from following my suggestion. I felt so guilty for not having thought of his and the other children’s safety even if all I wanted was for them to enjoy. Theorise: Edgington (1999) posits that children learn best in an environmen t that makes them feel secure and confident enough to develop their own ideas with open-ended experiences. They actively engage in learning by partaking of fun, play-based hands-on experiences while adults around them challenge and extend their thinking. In this case, children were allowed to explore water play. This is applying Te Whaariki’s strand of Exploration, specifically goal 4, as the play helps them â€Å"develop working theories for making sense of the natural, social, physical and

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Annotated Bibiliography 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Annotated Bibiliography 3 - Assignment Example Such presentations include tests for students on their abilities to drive while texting: those who want to test their abilities have to navigate around set obstacles and answer seemingly easy questions. Penning says that even though the questions are easy, they distract teens a lot and does not allow them driving properly. Very often, both adults and teens believe that they are the only ones who can perform several tasks at a time. In reality, it is not so. About 90 percent of all collisions result from distracted driving, with the majority of cases resulting from texting while driving. The latter is more dangerous than talking on the phone or to passengers while at the wheel. As Pennings says, conversations tend to overshadow driving. Before cell phones, the problem of distraction while driving existed as drivers were talking to the passengers. Overall, when being engaged in a conversation, an average driver sees only a half of what appears in frony of him / her on the road. There is a wide range of no-texting apps for cell phones that send calls to voice mail, silence texts etc. when inside a moving vehicle; all of them can be downloaded from the Google Play or App Store. Pennings argues that these apps will not change the situation for the better because governments cannot make citizens use them. The author of the article refers to the experience of a person who is directly connected to the problem of texting while driving. Brian Pennings is an expert in his field, and his own ideas and statistical data he quotes make the source under consideration reliable and worth using in the research. In addition to this, the author of the article refers to Pennings’ ideas and discusses quite an interesting and, more importantly, innovative way of eliminating driving distractions in the form of cell phones, which is the use of apps for cell phones. This article may contribute